.{"id":5859,"date":"2026-01-18T15:43:42","date_gmt":"2026-01-18T12:43:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/openrestitution.africa\/?post_type=policy-record&#038;p=5859"},"modified":"2026-01-18T15:43:44","modified_gmt":"2026-01-18T12:43:44","slug":"the-unesco-1970-convention-on-the-means-of-prohibiting-and-preventing-the-illicit-import-export-and-transfer-of-ownership-of-cultural-property-republic-of-moldova","status":"publish","type":"policy-record","link":"https:\/\/openrestitution.africa\/fr\/policy-record\/the-unesco-1970-convention-on-the-means-of-prohibiting-and-preventing-the-illicit-import-export-and-transfer-of-ownership-of-cultural-property-republic-of-moldova\/","title":{"rendered":"Convention de l&#039;UNESCO de 1970 concernant les mesures \u00e0 prendre pour interdire et emp\u00eacher l&#039;importation, l&#039;exportation et le transfert de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 illicites des biens culturels"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Objectifs :<br><\/strong>La Convention de l&#039;UNESCO de 1970 \u00e9tablit un cadre permettant aux \u00c9tats parties d&#039;interdire et de pr\u00e9venir l&#039;importation, l&#039;exportation et le transfert illicites de biens culturels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong>Mesures de restitution<\/strong>:<br><\/strong>L\u2019article 7 d\u00e9finit les proc\u00e9dures de restitution\u00a0: sur demande diplomatique de l\u2019\u00c9tat d\u2019origine, un autre \u00c9tat partie doit saisir et restituer les biens culturels vol\u00e9s dans les mus\u00e9es, les institutions religieuses ou les monuments publics situ\u00e9s sur son territoire. Les conditions essentielles comprennent la pr\u00e9sentation d\u2019une documentation ad\u00e9quate prouvant le statut institutionnel de l\u2019objet, et l\u2019\u00c9tat requ\u00e9rant doit fournir des preuves \u00e0 l\u2019appui de sa demande. Il est important de noter que les acqu\u00e9reurs de bonne foi ou les titulaires de droits l\u00e9gaux ont droit \u00e0 une juste indemnisation de la part de l\u2019\u00c9tat requ\u00e9rant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong>Limites du cadre<\/strong><\/strong>:<br><\/strong>Cependant, les conventions internationales n&#039;ont pas de valeur juridique contraignante tant qu&#039;elles ne sont pas ratifi\u00e9es par chaque \u00c9tat membre. Autrement dit, les nations souveraines ne sont pas tenues de mettre en \u0153uvre ces m\u00e9canismes de restitution, ce qui limite consid\u00e9rablement la port\u00e9e pratique de la Convention. L&#039;efficacit\u00e9 de ce cadre repose en d\u00e9finitive sur le respect volontaire des engagements des \u00c9tats et leur transposition l\u00e9gislative nationale, plut\u00f4t que sur une obligation juridique internationale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong>D\u00e9clarations et r\u00e9serves\u00a0:<\/strong><br><\/strong>&#8220;Until the full re-establishment of the territorial integrity of the Republic of Moldova, the provisions of the convention shall be applied only on the territory controlled effectively by the authorities of the Republic of Moldova.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"iawp_total_views":0},"country":[239],"framework-type":[209],"class_list":["post-5859","policy-record","type-policy-record","status-publish","hentry","country-republic-of-moldova","framework-type-international-frameworks"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/openrestitution.africa\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/policy-record\/5859","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/openrestitution.africa\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/policy-record"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/openrestitution.africa\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/policy-record"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/openrestitution.africa\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5859"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"country","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/openrestitution.africa\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/country?post=5859"},{"taxonomy":"framework-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/openrestitution.africa\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/framework-type?post=5859"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}